KVV E-Modules

The patella is the largest:

A: Long bone B: Flat bone C: Sesamoid bone D: Irregular bone

The main function of the patella is:

A: Protect the femur only B: Increase the efficiency of the quadriceps mechanism C: Form the ankle joint D: Support body weight

The most common mechanism of patellar fracture is:

A: Twisting injury B: Direct blow to the anterior knee C: Hyperextension D: Abduction injury

A transverse fracture of the patella usually results from:

A: Sudden forceful contraction of quadriceps B: Fall on the foot C: Varus injury D: Valgus injury

Inability to perform a straight leg raise indicates:

A: ACL injury B: Disruption of extensor mechanism C: Meniscal tear D: PCL injury

The most common symptom is:

A: Shoulder pain B: Knee pain and swelling C: Wrist pain D: Back pain

Hemarthrosis is common in:

A: Patellar fracture B: Clavicle fracture C: Radius fracture D: Metacarpal fracture

Hemarthrosis is common in:

A: Patellar fracture B: Clavicle fracture C: Radius fracture D: Metacarpal fracture

The best initial imaging investigation is:

A: MRI B: AP and lateral X-rays of the knee C: CT chest D: Bone scan

Skyline (Merchant) view is useful for assessing:

A: Hip B: Patellofemoral joint C: Elbow D: Ankle

Which fracture can usually be treated conservatively?

A: Open fracture B: Undisplaced fracture with intact extensor mechanism C: Comminuted displaced fracture D: Vertical fracture with extensor disruption

The indication for surgery includes:

A: Undisplaced fracture B: Extensor mechanism disruption C: No pain D: Stable fracture

The standard fixation for displaced transverse patellar fracture is:

A: Plate fixation B: Tension band wiring C: External fixation D: Hip screw

The principle of tension band wiring is:

A: Converts tensile forces into compression B: Increases distraction C: Prevents blood supply D: Reduces muscle power

Common implant used with tension band wiring:

A: K-wires B: DHS C: PFN D: IM nail

Comminuted inferior pole fractures may require:

A: Partial patellectomy B: Total knee replacement C: Hip arthroplasty D: Arthrodesis

Most important postoperative rehabilitation:

A: Early knee mobilization B: Complete immobilization for 6 months C: Bed rest D: No exercises

A common complication is:

A: Knee stiffness B: Cataract C: Hernia D: Asthma

Patellofemoral arthritis may occur after:

A: Malunion B: Skin infection C: Wrist fracture D: Ankle sprain

Open patellar fractures require:

A: Observation only B: Urgent debridement and antibiotics C: Massage D: Ice only

Open patellar fractures require:

A: Observation only B: Urgent debridement and antibiotics C: Massage D: Ice only

Quadriceps strengthening is started:

A: During rehabilitation as advised B: Never C: After one year only D: Before surgery

Distal femur fractures account for approximately:

A: 1% of all fractures B: 20% C: 40% D: 60%

Common mechanism in young adults:

A: Low-energy fall B: High-energy road traffic accident C: Twisting injury D: Sports injury only

Common mechanism in elderly:

A: High-energy trauma B: Low-energy osteoporotic fall C: Gunshot injury D: Birth trauma

Most commonly injured neurovascular structure:

A: Popliteal artery B: Radial artery C: Axillary artery D: Ulnar nerve

Clinical feature suggesting vascular injury:

A: Warm foot B: Absent distal pulses C: Nail changes D: Clubbing

The first investigation is:

A: MRI B: AP and lateral X-rays C: Bone scan D: PET scan

CT scan is particularly useful for:

A: Extra-articular fractures only B: Intra-articular fractures C: Skin injuries D: Muscle injuries only

The AO classification is based on:

A: Patient age B: Fracture pattern C: Blood group D: Occupation

Temporary stabilization includes:

A: Skeletal traction B: Massage C: Heat therapy D: Walking

Definitive treatment of most displaced distal femur fractures:

A: ORIF B: Plaster alone C: Sling D: Observation

Common implant:

A: Distal femoral locking plate B: Dynamic hip screw C: K-wire only D: Rush nail

Retrograde intramedullary nailing is suitable for:

A: Selected extra-articular and simple intra-articular fractures B: Neck of femur fracture C: Patellar fracture D: Tibial plateau fracture

Absolute indication for emergency surgery:

A: Open fracture B: Old fracture C: Stable fracture D: Stress fracture

Compartment syndrome should always be:

A: Ignored B: Looked for clinically C: Treated with antibiotics only D: Managed with massage

Fat embolism syndrome is associated with:

A: Long bone fractures B: Finger fracture C: Skull fracture only D: Rib fracture

Early knee mobilization helps prevent:

A: Knee stiffness B: Diabetes C: Cataract D: Asthma

The aim of surgery is:

A: Restore alignment and joint congruity B: Shorten the limb C: Delay mobilization D: Increase deformity

Most common late complication:

A: Knee stiffness B: Migraine C: Gallstones D: Hernia

Nonunion risk increases with:

A: Open fractures B: Haircut C: Spectacles D: Vitamin C

Open distal femur fractures require:

A: Antibiotics and urgent debridement B: Observation only C: Exercise D: Massage