KVV E-Modules

The word "menopause" is derived from Greek words meaning:

A: Monthly cessation B: Hormonal decline C: End of ovulation D: End of fertility

Menopause occurs because the ovaries produce lower levels of:

A: Estrogen and testosterone B: Estrogen and progesterone C: Progesterone and prolactin D: LH and FSH

Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) is indicated in menopause to:

A: Stop menstruation B: Improve fertility C: Overcome consequences of estrogen deficiency D: Prevent pregnancy

Which of the following is NOT a route of HRT administration?

A: Oral B: Transdermal C: Vaginal D: Intrathecal

5. Combined estrogen and progesterone therapy is preferred in women with intact uterus because:

A: It increases libido B: Prevents endometrial hyperplasia C: Prevents ovarian cancer D: Relieves hot flashes faste

Estrogen-only therapy is generally given to women:

A: With intact uterus B: Who had hysterectomy C: With breast cancer history D: In early menarche

Which HRT preparation is given subcutaneously over the anterior abdominal wall?

A: Vaginal cream B: Percutaneous estrogen gel C: Subdermal implant D: Oral conjugated estrogen

8. Which estrogen formulation is applied on the skin as gel?

A: Conjugated equine estrogen B: Percutaneous estrogen gel C: Tibolone D: Medroxyprogesterone acetate

9. Transdermal patch of HRT is applied:

A: On the arm B: Below the waistline C: On the chest D: On the back

Duration of HRT is generally advised for:

A: 1–2 years B: 3–5 years C: 7–10 years D: Life-long