KVV E-Modules

Cerebral palsy is best defined as:

A: Progressive disorder of the brain B: Progressive muscular disease C: Permanent disorder of movement and posture due to a non-progressive lesion in the developing brain D: Degenerative disease of spinal cord

The most common type of cerebral palsy is:

A: Ataxic B: Dyskinetic C: Spastic D: Hypotonic

The most important prenatal risk factor for cerebral palsy is:

A: Maternal diabetes B: Prematurity C: Hypertension D: Polyhydramnios

Spasticity in cerebral palsy is due to involvement of:

A: Lower motor neuron B: Cerebellum C: Upper motor neuron (pyramidal tract) D: Peripheral nerve

The earliest clinical sign suggestive of cerebral palsy is:

A: Fever B: Delayed developmental milestones C: Joint pain D: Skin rash

Scissoring gait is commonly seen in:

A: Ataxic CP B: Spastic diplegia C: Dyskinetic CP D: Hypotonic CP

Which deformity is commonly seen in ambulatory cerebral palsy?

A: Hallux valgus B: Equinus deformity C: Claw hand D: Genu recurvatum only

Which deformity is commonly seen in ambulatory cerebral palsy?

A: Hallux valgus B: Equinus deformity C: Claw hand D: Genu recurvatum only

The Modified Ashworth Scale measures:

A: Intelligence B: Pain severity C: Muscle spasticity D: Limb length

The investigation of choice to detect brain abnormalities in cerebral palsy is:

A: X-ray B: MRI Brain C: Ultrasound abdomen D: CT chest

Hip surveillance in cerebral palsy is important because of the risk of:

A: Septic arthritis B: Hip dislocation C: Osteoarthritis only D: Femoral neck fracture

Botulinum toxin is mainly used to:

A: Cure cerebral palsy B: Reduce focal spasticity C: Improve bone healing D: Treat epilepsy

The definitive surgical procedure for generalized lower limb spasticity is:

A: Total hip replacement B: Selective soft tissue release C: Selective dorsal rhizotomy (selected patients) D: Shoulder arthroscopy

The Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) is used to assess:

A: Vision B: Gross motor function C: Speech D: Hearing

The most common foot deformity in spastic cerebral palsy is:

A: Flat foot B: Equinus deformity C: Cavus foot D: Hallux rigidus

Which treatment forms the cornerstone of cerebral palsy management?

A: Bed rest B: Physiotherapy and rehabilitation C: Antibiotics D: Chemotherapy

Intrathecal baclofen pump is mainly indicated for:

A: Infection B: Generalized severe spasticity C: Fracture management D: Osteoporosis

Which associated condition is common in cerebral palsy?

A: Epilepsy B: Cataract C: Tuberculosis D: Rheumatoid arthritis

Which orthosis is commonly prescribed for equinus deformity in cerebral palsy?

A: Cervical collar B: Ankle-foot orthosis (AFO) C: Knee brace only D: Wrist splint

The overall goal of orthopaedic management in cerebral palsy is to:

A: Cure brain injury B: Improve function, mobility, and quality of life while preventing deformity C: Eliminate all muscle tone D: Prevent speech problems